Or, how to drive in snowy conditions.
So Connecticut, after our little snowfall Tuesday afternoon, I noticed that you don’t know how to deal with a few inches of snow on the road. This was evidenced by the great number of cars I saw in ditches on the side of the road – there were seven. I also noticed that you struggle to drive uphill when it’s slippery, and cause delays in traffic because you just can’t seem to get moving despite how much you’re pushing that accelerator pedal down. Well, lucky for you, Buffalo is here to offer a few pointers for driving in the snow. So, Connecticut, if you’re reading, pass this little gem on to all your friends, so that a commute in snowy conditions will be less of a white knuckle experience for all of us.
First rule of driving in snow: Don’t. If you can avoid it, don’t go out, don’t go to work, just enjoy some hot chocolate and read a good book.
Second rule: If you have to go out in a car, get into a mindset that it’s going to take you significantly longer to get to wherever you’re going. Don’t try to rush there, that’s how accidents happen. There are a number of things that snow does to the driving surface that make rushing around an extremely dangerous affair. When the roads are slick with snow, slush and ice, your car does not respond well to rapid changes due to the reduced amount of friction between the road and your tires. These rapid changes include quick turns, fast acceleration and slamming on the brakes.
Third rule: When braking, do it gradually and slowly. Since, when on snow, you often don’t know your exact stopping distance; start to brake well in advance of when you normally would. Do so by gently putting pressure on the brakes. If you lock your wheels, you’ll end up in a spin, a snowbank or the car in front of you. When you slam on your brakes, you will lose control of your car.
Fourth rule: Only make a turn if you’re going slowly. If you try to turn your car too quickly on a surface that has very little friction, your momentum will continue to carry you in whatever direction you were travelling before you turned the wheel. This is usually a very disconcerting feeling to most drivers, and often leads to a violation of the third rule, that is, they slam their brakes, causing further loss of control and the aforementioned meeting with a snowbank.
Fifth rule: When starting from a stop, do not floor the gas pedal. There’s a neat little phenomenon called the Coriolis force that will come into play should you choose to give your engine lots of gas. When you spin your tires fast enough, the Coriolis force will actually push your car perpendicular to the axis of rotation of the tires. In other words, if you spin your tires, you won’t get any kind of grip on the road surface, and your car will go sideways. In order to not do this, get in a low gear and accelerate extremely slowly. If you feel your tires start to slip, you’re giving your car too much gas.
Sixth rule: When travelling up a hill, maintain a slow and steady speed, and for the love of all that is good and holy, don’t stop. As a simplification, there are three forces that are dealt with in this situation, static friction, kinetic friction and gravity. When a car is stopped, the force of static friction – two objects not moving in relation to each other – must be overcome. This force needed to overcome static friction is greater than the force needed to overcome kinetic friction, which is the force opposed to the motion of two objects that are moving in relation to each other. Picture a heavy sled, and you’re trying to pull it. Once you get it moving – once you’ve overcome the force of static friction, it’s easier to keep it moving than it was to start. The same is true with a car. With all that in mind, let’s go back to the car on a hill. Once you’ve stopped on a snowy hill, you need to overcome both the force of static friction and gravity. These two in concert with the reduced amount of traction available make starting uphill no easy task. If you do find yourself stopped on a hill, do not try to floor the gas pedal and expect to move forward, you’ll likely find yourself moving sideways and backwards.
Seventh rule: If you find yourself in a slide, you have two options, depending on if you have ABS or not. If you do have ABS, then use your brakes. ABS will pump your brakes far faster than you possibly could, allowing you to hopefully gain control of your car before you hit something. If you don’t have ABS, do NOT slam your brakes. This will only exacerbate your slide. Give the brakes slow, even pressure, and if you feel the wheels start to lock up, let go of the brakes. Then give them slow, even pressure again. If your car is sliding out and starting to spin, steer in the opposite direction of the slide. Keep in mind, however, that if you followed the other rules, you should rarely find yourself sliding out.
That should cover it. Follow the rules, and you won’t total your car. Or anyone elses. And you won’t ruin guard rails. Or trees. Think of the trees.
Oh yeah, and if my science is wrong, please leave a nice comment and I’ll correct it.